CGH microarrays significance test
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João Fadista ▴ 500
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Ramon Diaz ★ 1.1k
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Dear Joao, On Wednesday 21 March 2007 16:33, Jo?o Fadista wrote: > Dear list, > > I have a CGH microarray experiment where I compare male vs. female in each > sample (3 technical replicates with dye swaps = 6 samples). So in theory I > would expect to see a difference in log2ratios of the X chromosome compared > to the autosomes. This experiment is made mainly to assess/optimize the > reliability of the protocol and the in-house microarray platform for CGH > microarrays experiments. > > I already used packages in Bioconductor that deal with CGH microarrays but > I would also like to have a statistical test to see if there is a > significance difference between the mean values of log2ratios from the X > chromosome compared to the autosomes. I already did a two-sample T-test and > a Wilcox.test where the log2ratios for autosomal clones represent the first > sample and log2ratios for clones from chromosome X represent the second > sample. > I get confused here. It is not clear to me whether you want to compare between males and females (as you say in the first paragraph) or between autosomal and the X. I think the later, so here are some thoughts: 1. First, you have something like a paired design: for each subject you measure both autosomal and the X. Since these are all arrayed in the same glass, etc, you definitely want to account for this. More or less like the logic behind a paired t test. 2. You do not only have one value for the X and one value for the autosomal, but actually a collection of each. And the autosomals come in 22 packages. 3. My first thought would be to use a mixed effects models (with package nlme) including terms for subject and, possibly, chromosome (within the autosomals); the chromosome random effect might be crossed with subject or nested within subject. I'd be inclined to nest it within subject. 4. By using the mixed-effects model you can also include your technical replicates as technical replicates by adding a term for biological sample. 5. A simpler, direct, approach, would be to just take the average of all autosomals and all the X within subject, average this over tech. replicates, and do a paired t-test. But I would not recommend it. 6. With nlme and mixed effects models in general there are a battery of diagnostics; in addition, you have very large sample sizes relative to the number of (random and fixed) effects you are modeling. 7. You can also use heteroscedastic models with mixed effects to account for the differences in variances between samples, thus performing the weighting you refer to. 8. (You have gene information; technically, you might want to incorporate a crossed gene effect. But you will then probably have difficulties fiting the model, and you'll end up with a huge number of terms). These are some half-cooked ideas. I do not think the above will be a simple, 10 minute, walk in the woods, but I think it might be a worthwile modelling exercise. A different approach: since you have used some of the CGH packages, you probably have estimates of regions of gains and loss. Thus, a different type of analysis would be not to use the log2ratios, but use instead the inferences about gains and losses, by arguing that the later are actually denoised versions of the former (and, thus, "better things to" base your downstream inferences upon). Best, R. > 1 - Should have done another more robust test? Is there any other kind of > statistical tests that I can perform to assess the reliability of my > experiment (assuming that the pre-processing and normalization is already > optimized)? > > 2 - Is it statistical acceptable to average my technical replicates (the > average is a weighted average where the arrays with "more quality" have a > higher weight) in order to reduce the variance? > > > Med venlig hilsen / Regards > > Jo?o Fadista > Ph.d. studerende / Ph.d. student > > > > AARHUS UNIVERSITET / UNIVERSITY OF AARHUS > Det Jordbrugsvidenskabelige Fakultet / Faculty of Agricultural Sciences > Forskningscenter Foulum / Research Centre Foulum > Genetik og Bioteknologi / Dept. of Genetics and Biotechnology > Blichers All? 20, P.O. BOX 50 > DK-8830 Tjele > > Tel: +45 8999 1900 > Direct: +45 8999 1900 > Mobile: +45 > E-mail: Joao.Fadista at agrsci.dk <mailto:joao.fadista at="" agrsci.dk=""> > Web: www.agrsci.dk <http: www.agrsci.dk=""/> > ________________________________ > > Tilmeld dig DJF's nyhedsbrev / Subscribe Faculty of Agricultural Sciences > Newsletter <http: www.agrsci.dk="" user="" register?lan="dan-DK"> . > > Denne email kan indeholde fortrolig information. Enhver brug eller > offentligg?relse af denne email uden skriftlig tilladelse fra DJF er ikke > tilladt. Hvis De ikke er den tilt?nkte adressat, bedes De venligst straks > underrette DJF samt slette emailen. > > This email may contain information that is confidential. Any use or > publication of this email without written permission from Faculty of > Agricultural Sciences is not allowed. If you are not the intended > recipient, please notify Faculty of Agricultural Sciences immediately and > delete this email. > > > > [[alternative HTML version deleted]] -- Ram?n D?az-Uriarte Statistical Computing Team Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncol?gicas (CNIO) (Spanish National Cancer Center) Melchor Fern?ndez Almagro, 3 28029 Madrid (Spain) Fax: +-34-91-224-6972 Phone: +-34-91-224-6900 http://ligarto.org/rdiaz PGP KeyID: 0xE89B3462 (http://ligarto.org/rdiaz/0xE89B3462.asc) **NOTA DE CONFIDENCIALIDAD** Este correo electr?nico, y en s...{{dropped}}
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On Wednesday 21 March 2007 12:06, Ramon Diaz-Uriarte wrote: > Dear Joao, > > On Wednesday 21 March 2007 16:33, Jo?o Fadista wrote: > > Dear list, > > > > I have a CGH microarray experiment where I compare male vs. female in > > each sample (3 technical replicates with dye swaps = 6 samples). So in > > theory I would expect to see a difference in log2ratios of the X > > chromosome compared to the autosomes. This experiment is made mainly to > > assess/optimize the reliability of the protocol and the in-house > > microarray platform for CGH microarrays experiments. A very useful measure for CGH when comparing protocols, etc., is a measure of signal divided by a measure of noise (signal-to-noise ratio). You could use a very simple measure like the mean or median of the X chromosome minus the mean/median of the autosomes as the signal and then the sd or MAD of the autosomes as the noise. Each array can then be summarized by a single number. Coming up with a statistical test is quite interesting, but I don't think it is necessary for what you are describing. As with all microarray analyses, there is no substitute for visualizing the data, doing adequate preprocessing (you can't just loess-normalize the arrays as you would with expression arrays), and generating quality-control plots. Sean
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Dear Sean and Ramon, Thanks for your thoughts of what should I do. I will try to digest your ideas. I got myself now the book "Mixed-effects models in S and S-plus" for helping me modelling my data. Wish me luck! Best regards Jo?o Fadista Ph.d. student UNIVERSITY OF AARHUS Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Research Centre Foulum Dept. of Genetics and Biotechnology Blichers All? 20, P.O. BOX 50 DK-8830 Tjele Phone: +45 8999 1900 Direct: +45 8999 1900 E-mail: Joao.Fadista at agrsci.dk Web: http://www.agrsci.org This email may contain information that is confidential. Any use or publication of this email without written permission from Faculty of Agricultural Sciences is not allowed. If you are not the intended recipient, please notify Faculty of Agricultural Sciences immediately and delete this email. -----Original Message----- From: Sean Davis [mailto:sdavis2@mail.nih.gov] Sent: Wednesday, March 21, 2007 5:40 PM To: bioconductor at stat.math.ethz.ch Cc: Ramon Diaz-Uriarte; Jo?o Fadista Subject: Re: [BioC] CGH microarrays significance test On Wednesday 21 March 2007 12:06, Ramon Diaz-Uriarte wrote: > Dear Joao, > > On Wednesday 21 March 2007 16:33, Jo?o Fadista wrote: > > Dear list, > > > > I have a CGH microarray experiment where I compare male vs. female > > in each sample (3 technical replicates with dye swaps = 6 samples). > > So in theory I would expect to see a difference in log2ratios of the > > X chromosome compared to the autosomes. This experiment is made > > mainly to assess/optimize the reliability of the protocol and the > > in-house microarray platform for CGH microarrays experiments. A very useful measure for CGH when comparing protocols, etc., is a measure of signal divided by a measure of noise (signal-to-noise ratio). You could use a very simple measure like the mean or median of the X chromosome minus the mean/median of the autosomes as the signal and then the sd or MAD of the autosomes as the noise. Each array can then be summarized by a single number. Coming up with a statistical test is quite interesting, but I don't think it is necessary for what you are describing. As with all microarray analyses, there is no substitute for visualizing the data, doing adequate preprocessing (you can't just loess-normalize the arrays as you would with expression arrays), and generating quality-control plots. Sean
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