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I'd like to get a precise and intuitive understanding of how empirical Bayes moderation (conducted by eBayes function of the limma package) in the limma analysis pipeline works. I tried to read through the original paper but found it too technical and time-consuming. Could someone explain what exactly eBayes does in as precise and concise terms as possible? I don't mind mathematical/technical descriptions as far as they are short. Thank you in advance!

That is exactly what I was looking for.