> query <- readDNAStringSet("ref.fasta")
> sub1 <- readDNAStringSet("seq1.fasta")
> sub2 <- readDNAStringSet("seq2.fasta")
> mat <- nucleotideSubstitutionMatrix(match = 5, mismatch = -4, baseOnly = TRUE)
> res1 <- pairwiseAlignment(pattern = query,subject = sub1,gapOpening = 10.5, gapExtension = .5,substitutionMatrix = mat)
> res2 <- pairwiseAlignment(pattern = query,subject = sub2,gapOpening = 10.5, gapExtension = .5,substitutionMatrix = mat)
> deletion(res1)
IRangesList of length 1
[[1]]
IRanges of length 1
start end width
[1] 533 533 1
> insertion(res2);deletion(res2)
IRangesList of length 1
[[1]]
IRanges of length 1
start end width
[1] 363 364 2
IRangesList of length 1
[[1]]
IRanges of length 3
start end width
[1] 196 213 18
[2] 201 203 3
[3] 336 337 2
> writePairwiseAlignments(res1)
########################################
# Program: Biostrings (version 2.38.4), a Bioconductor package
# Rundate: Thu Dec 14 11:35:27 2017
########################################
#=======================================
#
# Aligned_sequences: 2
# 1: ref
# 2: seq1
# Matrix: NA
# Gap_penalty: 11.0
# Extend_penalty: 0.5
#
# Length: 1099
# Identity: 1098/1099 (99.9%)
# Similarity: NA/1099 (NA%)
# Gaps: 1/1099 (0.1%)
# Score: 5479
#
#
#=======================================
ref 1 ATGGCCGTCATGGCGCCCCGAACCCTCCTCCTGCTACTCTCGGGGGCCCT 50
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 1 ATGGCCGTCATGGCGCCCCGAACCCTCCTCCTGCTACTCTCGGGGGCCCT 50
ref 51 GGCCCTGACCCAGACCTGGGCGGGCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCTTCA 100
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 51 GGCCCTGACCCAGACCTGGGCGGGCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCTTCA 100
ref 101 CATCCGTGTCCCGGCCCGGCCGCGGGGAGCCCCGCTTCATCGCCGTGGGC 150
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 101 CATCCGTGTCCCGGCCCGGCCGCGGGGAGCCCCGCTTCATCGCCGTGGGC 150
ref 151 TACGTGGACGACACGCAGTTCGTGCGGTTCGACAGCGACGCCGCGAGCCA 200
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 151 TACGTGGACGACACGCAGTTCGTGCGGTTCGACAGCGACGCCGCGAGCCA 200
ref 201 GAAGATGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCGTGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGGCCGGAGTATT 250
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 201 GAAGATGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCGTGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGGCCGGAGTATT 250
ref 251 GGGACCAGGAGACACGGAATATGAAGGCCCACTCACAGACTGACCGAGCG 300
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 251 GGGACCAGGAGACACGGAATATGAAGGCCCACTCACAGACTGACCGAGCG 300
ref 301 AACCTGGGGACCCTGCGCGGCTACTACAACCAGAGCGAGGACGGTTCTCA 350
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 301 AACCTGGGGACCCTGCGCGGCTACTACAACCAGAGCGAGGACGGTTCTCA 350
ref 351 CACCATCCAGATAATGTATGGCTGCGACGTGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCTTCC 400
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 351 CACCATCCAGATAATGTATGGCTGCGACGTGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCTTCC 400
ref 401 TCCGCGGGTACCGGCAGGACGCCTACGACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTG 450
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 401 TCCGCGGGTACCGGCAGGACGCCTACGACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTG 450
ref 451 AACGAGGACCTGCGCTCTTGGACCGCGGCGGACATGGCAGCTCAGATCAC 500
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 451 AACGAGGACCTGCGCTCTTGGACCGCGGCGGACATGGCAGCTCAGATCAC 500
ref 501 CAAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGTCCATGCGGCGG-AGCAGCGGAGAGTCTAC 549
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||
seq1 501 CAAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGTCCATGCGGCGGGAGCAGCGGAGAGTCTAC 550
ref 550 CTGGAGGGCCGGTGCGTGGACGGGCTCCGCAGATACCTGGAGAACGGGAA 599
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq1 551 CTGGAGGGCCGGTGCGTGGACGGGCTCCGCAGATACCTGGAGAACGGGAA 600
#---------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------
> writePairwiseAlignments(res2)
########################################
# Program: Biostrings (version 2.38.4), a Bioconductor package
# Rundate: Thu Dec 14 11:35:28 2017
########################################
#=======================================
#
# Aligned_sequences: 2
# 1: ref
# 2: seq2
# Matrix: NA
# Gap_penalty: 10.5
# Extend_penalty: 0.5
#
# Length: 1121
# Identity: 490/1121 (43.7%)
# Similarity: NA/1121 (NA%)
# Gaps: 577/1121 (51.5%)
# Score: 1882.5
#
#
#=======================================
ref 1 ATGGCCGTCATGGCGCCCCGAACCCTCCTCCTGCTACTCTCGGGGGCCCT 50
seq2 1 -------------------------------------------------- 0
ref 51 GGCCCTGACCCAGACCTGGGCGGGCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCTTCA 100
||||||||||||||||||||||| ||
seq2 1 -----------------------GCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCCACA 27
ref 101 CATCCGTGTCCCGGCCCGGCCGCGGGGAGCCCCGCTTCATCGCCGTGGGC 150
| || ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||
seq2 28 CCGCCATGTCCCGGCCCGGCCGCGGGGAGCCCCGCTTCATCACCGTGGGC 77
ref 151 TACGTGGACGACACGCAGTTCGTGCGGTTCGACAGCGACGCCGCGAGCCA 200
|||||||||||||||| ||||||| ||||||||||||||||| |||| |
seq2 78 TACGTGGACGACACGCTGTTCGTGAGGTTCGACAGCGACGCCACGAGTCC 127
ref 201 GAAGATGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCGTGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGGCCGGAGTATT 250
|| || ||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seq2 128 GAGGAAGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCATGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGGCCGGAGTATT 177
ref 251 GGGACCAGGAGACACGGA------------------ATATG---AAGGCC 279
|||||| |||||||| || | || ||| ||
seq2 178 GGGACCGGGAGACACAGATCTCCAAGACCGAGACACAGATCTCCAAGACC 227
ref 280 CACTCACAGACTGACCGAGCGAACCTGGGGACCCTGCGCGGCTACTACAA 329
|| |||||||| |||||| || |||| ||| ||||||||||||||||||
seq2 228 AACACACAGACTTACCGAGAGAGCCTGCGGAACCTGCGCGGCTACTACAA 277
ref 330 CCAGAGCGAGGACGGTTCTCACACCATCCAGATAATGTATGGCTGCGACG 379
||||||||||| ||| ||||||||| |||||| ||||| ||||||||||
seq2 278 CCAGAGCGAGGCCGGGTCTCACACCCTCCAGAGCATGTACGGCTGCGACG 327
ref 380 TGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCTTCCTCCGCGGG--TACCGGCAGGACGCCTACG 427
||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||| || | ||| |||||||||
seq2 328 TGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCCTCCTCCGCGGGCATAAC--CAGTACGCCTACG 375
ref 428 ACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTGAACGAGGACCTGCGCTCTTGGACCGCG 477
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||
seq2 376 ACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTGAACGAGGACCTGCGCTCCTGGACCGCG 425
ref 478 GCGGACATGGCAGCTCAGATCACCAAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGTCCATGC 527
||||||| || |||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||| || ||
seq2 426 GCGGACACCGCGGCTCAGATCACCCAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGCCCGTGT 475
ref 528 GGCGGAGCAGCGGAGAGTCTACCTGGAGGGCCGGTGCGTGGACGGGCTCC 577
|||||||||| |||| ||||||||||||| ||||||||| ||||||
seq2 476 GGCGGAGCAGGACAGAGCCTACCTGGAGGGCACGTGCGTGGAGTGGCTCC 525
ref 578 GCAGATACCTGGAGAACGGGAAGGAGACGCTGCAGCGCACGGACCCCCCC 627
||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||| ||||| |||
seq2 526 GCAGATACCTGGAGAACGGGAAGGACACGCTGGAGCGCGCGG-------- 567
ref 1078 CTCACAGCTTGTAAAGTGTGA 1098
seq2 568 --------------------- 567
#---------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------
>
>ref
ATGGCCGTCATGGCGCCCCGAACCCTCCTCCTGCTACTCTCGGGGGCCCTGGCCCTGACC
CAGACCTGGGCGGGCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCTTCACATCCGTGTCCCGGCCCGGC
CGCGGGGAGCCCCGCTTCATCGCCGTGGGCTACGTGGACGACACGCAGTTCGTGCGGTTC
GACAGCGACGCCGCGAGCCAGAAGATGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCGTGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGG
CCGGAGTATTGGGACCAGGAGACACGGAATATGAAGGCCCACTCACAGACTGACCGAGCG
AACCTGGGGACCCTGCGCGGCTACTACAACCAGAGCGAGGACGGTTCTCACACCATCCAG
ATAATGTATGGCTGCGACGTGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCTTCCTCCGCGGGTACCGGCAGGAC
GCCTACGACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTGAACGAGGACCTGCGCTCTTGGACCGCGGCG
GACATGGCAGCTCAGATCACCAAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGTCCATGCGGCGGAGCAGCGG
AGAGTCTACCTGGAGGGCCGGTGCGTGGACGGGCTCCGCAGATACCTGGAGAACGGGAAG
GAGACGCTGCAGCGCACGGACCCCCCCAAGACACATATGACCCACCACCCCATCTCTGAC
CATGAGGCCACCCTGAGGTGCTGGGCCCTGGGCTTCTACCCTGCGGAGATCACACTGACC
TGGCAGCGGGATGGGGAGGACCAGACCCAGGACACGGAGCTCGTGGAGACCAGGCCTGCA
GGGGATGGAACCTTCCAGAAGTGGGCGGCTGTGGTGGTGCCTTCTGGAGAGGAGCAGAGA
TACACCTGCCATGTGCAGCATGAGGGTCTGCCCAAGCCCCTCACCCTGAGATGGGAGCTG
TCTTCCCAGCCCACCATCCCCATCGTGGGCATCATTGCTGGCCTGGTTCTCCTTGGAGCT
GTGATCACTGGAGCTGTGGTCGCTGCCGTGATGTGGAGGAGGAAGAGCTCAGATAGAAAA
GGAGGGAGTTACACTCAGGCTGCAAGCAGTGACAGTGCCCAGGGCTCTGATGTGTCTCTC
ACAGCTTGTAAAGTGTGA
>seq1 ATGGCCGTCATGGCGCCCCGAACCCTCCTCCTGCTACTCTCGGGGGCCCTGGCCCTGACC CAGACCTGGGCGGGCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCTTCACATCCGTGTCCCGGCCCGGC CGCGGGGAGCCCCGCTTCATCGCCGTGGGCTACGTGGACGACACGCAGTTCGTGCGGTTC GACAGCGACGCCGCGAGCCAGAAGATGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCGTGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGG CCGGAGTATTGGGACCAGGAGACACGGAATATGAAGGCCCACTCACAGACTGACCGAGCG AACCTGGGGACCCTGCGCGGCTACTACAACCAGAGCGAGGACGGTTCTCACACCATCCAG ATAATGTATGGCTGCGACGTGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCTTCCTCCGCGGGTACCGGCAGGAC GCCTACGACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTGAACGAGGACCTGCGCTCTTGGACCGCGGCG GACATGGCAGCTCAGATCACCAAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGTCCATGCGGCGGGAGCAGCG GAGAGTCTACCTGGAGGGCCGGTGCGTGGACGGGCTCCGCAGATACCTGGAGAACGGGAA GGAGACGCTGCAGCGCACGGACCCCCCCAAGACACATATGACCCACCACCCCATCTCTGA CCATGAGGCCACCCTGAGGTGCTGGGCCCTGGGCTTCTACCCTGCGGAGATCACACTGAC CTGGCAGCGGGATGGGGAGGACCAGACCCAGGACACGGAGCTCGTGGAGACCAGGCCTGC AGGGGATGGAACCTTCCAGAAGTGGGCGGCTGTGGTGGTGCCTTCTGGAGAGGAGCAGAG ATACACCTGCCATGTGCAGCATGAGGGTCTGCCCAAGCCCCTCACCCTGAGATGGGAGCT GTCTTCCCAGCCCACCATCCCCATCGTGGGCATCATTGCTGGCCTGGTTCTCCTTGGAGC TGTGATCACTGGAGCTGTGGTCGCTGCCGTGATGTGGAGGAGGAAGAGCTCAGATAGAAA AGGAGGGAGTTACACTCAGGCTGCAAGCAGTGACAGTGCCCAGGGCTCTGATGTGTCTCT CACAGCTTGTAAAGTGTGA
>seq2 GCTCCCACTCCATGAGGTATTTCCACACCGCCATGTCCCGGCCCGGCCGCGGGGAGCCCC GCTTCATCACCGTGGGCTACGTGGACGACACGCTGTTCGTGAGGTTCGACAGCGACGCCA CGAGTCCGAGGAAGGAGCCGCGGGCGCCATGGATAGAGCAGGAGGGGCCGGAGTATTGGG ACCGGGAGACACAGATCTCCAAGACCGAGACACAGATCTCCAAGACCAACACACAGACTT ACCGAGAGAGCCTGCGGAACCTGCGCGGCTACTACAACCAGAGCGAGGCCGGGTCTCACA CCCTCCAGAGCATGTACGGCTGCGACGTGGGGCCGGACGGGCGCCTCCTCCGCGGGCATA ACCAGTACGCCTACGACGGCAAGGATTACATCGCCCTGAACGAGGACCTGCGCTCCTGGA CCGCGGCGGACACCGCGGCTCAGATCACCCAGCGCAAGTGGGAGGCGGCCCGTGTGGCGG AGCAGGACAGAGCCTACCTGGAGGGCACGTGCGTGGAGTGGCTCCGCAGATACCTGGAGA ACGGGAAGGACACGCTGGAGCGCGCGG
> sessionInfo() R version 3.2.3 (2015-12-10) Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit) Running under: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
locale:
[1] LC_CTYPE=en_IN.UTF-8
[2] LC_NUMERIC=C
[3] LC_TIME=en_IN.UTF-8
[4] LC_COLLATE=en_IN.UTF-8
[5] LC_MONETARY=en_IN.UTF-8
[6] LC_MESSAGES=en_IN.UTF-8
[7] LC_PAPER=en_IN.UTF-8
[8] LC_NAME=C
[9] LC_ADDRESS=C
[10] LC_TELEPHONE=C
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_IN.UTF-8
[12] LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
attached base packages:
[1] stats4 parallel stats graphics grDevices
[6] utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] Biostrings_2.38.4 XVector_0.10.0
[3] IRanges_2.4.8 S4Vectors_0.8.11
[5] BiocGenerics_0.16.1
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] zlibbioc_1.16.0 BiocInstaller_1.20.3
[3] tools_3.2.3
1) For seq1 Parameters are kept exactly same as in needle of emboss, still the gaps introduced is at different position.
2) For seq2 even after using the insertion() and deletion() , the reported bases overlap with each other
PS : I have deleted last section of the alignment that is printed because of the word limit for this post.

I am able to resolve the confusion for the second query with the help of your explanations. However i tried addressing the first problem based on the formula for gap opening and extension. The answer still remains same even after adding the changes. I have used Gap opening penalty as 10.5 (10 opening + .5 extension) and .5 as gap extension penalty. (While using needle of emboss the gap opening and extension penalty are 10 and .5 respectively. )
Did you consult
?writePairwiseAlignmentsas I suggested? It explains the relationship between Biostrings'gapOpening/gapExtensionand Emboss needle'sGap_penalty/Extend_penalty, and gives the formula to go from the latter to the former:Gap_penalty = gapOpening + gapExtension Extend_penalty = gapExtensionSo if you use a
Gap_penaltyandExtend_penaltyof 10 and .5 with Emboss needle, you should use agapOpeningandgapExtensionof 9.5 and 0.5 with Biostrings.The man page for
writePairwiseAlignmentseven contain the following example:## -------------------------------------------------------------- ## C. REPRODUCING THE ALIGNMENT SHOWN AT ## http://emboss.sourceforge.net/docs/themes/alnformats/align.pair ## -------------------------------------------------------------- pattern <- c("TSPASIRPPAGPSSRPAMVSSRRTRPSPPGPRRPTGRPCCSAAPRRPQAT", "GGWKTCSGTCTTSTSTRHRGRSGWSARTTTAACLRASRKSMRAACSRSAG", "SRPNRFAPTLMSSCITSTTGPPAWAGDRSHE") subject <- c("TSPASIRPPAGPSSRRPSPPGPRRPTGRPCCSAAPRRPQATGGWKTCSGT", "CTTSTSTRHRGRSGWRASRKSMRAACSRSAGSRPNRFAPTLMSSCITSTT", "GPPAWAGDRSHE") pattern <- unlist(AAStringSet(pattern)) subject <- unlist(AAStringSet(subject)) pattern # original pattern subject # original subject data(BLOSUM62) pa5 <- pairwiseAlignment(pattern, subject, substitutionMatrix=BLOSUM62, gapOpening=9.5, gapExtension=0.5) pa5 writePairwiseAlignments(pa5, Matrix="BLOSUM62")You can't say the information is not there ;-)